Wing Chun වලට "Gee Seen" නමැති මහාචාර්යයවරයාගේ ඇති සම්බන්ද කම
*යුධ සටන් කලා මහාචාර්යයවරුන් පස් දෙනෙකුගේ ප්රධානත්වයෙන් සැදෙන්නට ගොසින් ගැහැණියෙක් ගෙන්
නිම වුණු Wing Chun*
*The Founder Of Wing Chun Kung Fu Mistress Ng Mui*
මගේ කතාව මම මෙතන සිට පවසන්නම්.
වර්ෂ (1644-1912)
ශාඕලින් ආරාමයට එල්ල වූ දරුණු ප්රහාරය හමුවේ පුහුණු අඩාල වූ අතර
මහාචාර්යයවරු පස් දෙනා සිය දිවි බේරාගැනීමට පස් ප්රදේශයකට පලා ගියෝය.
මෙයින් අවසානයේදී
දිවි බේරාගත් අය වුයේ Ng Mui, Bak Mei පමණි.
ඒකෙනුත් තුන්
දෙනෙක්ට වෙච්ච දෙයක් ගැන චීන සටන් කලා ඉතිහාසයේ සදහන් වෙන්නේ නෑ.
ඒ පස්දෙනා,එනම් [Fong Do Duk, Ng Mui, Bak Mei, Gee Seen, Maio Hin]
නමුත් මෙම Lineage Tree එකේ මම High Light කරලා තියෙන තැන බලන්න.
දිවි බෙර ගන්නේ 2 පමණි. එනම් Ng Mui, Bak Mei පමණි.
නමුත් මෙහි එන Gee Seen විසින් Leung Yee Tye වෙත දෙන දැනුම කුමක් ද?
Gee Seen ගැන කිසිම සටහනක් චීන සටන් කලා ඉතිහාසයේ සදහන් වෙන්නේ නෑ.
මම කරපු එක් ගවේෂණයකින් මට හැගුනේ Gee Seen ඇවිත් නැවියෙකි ඔහු විසින්
(Long Pole-Luk Dim Boon) and (Bai Chum Dao- Butterfly Knives) යන
ආයුධ එක් කර ඇති බවයි. නමුත් මෙය මටද 100% විශ්වාස නැත.
මුල්ම කාලයේ ආයුධ තිබ්බේ නෑ.
නමුත් චීන සටන් කලා ඉතිහාසයේ මෙලෙසද සදහන් වේ.
Bak Mei යනු දිවි බේරාගත් එක් මහාචාර්යයවරයෙකි ඔහු Bak Mei Kung Fu හි පියාය.
Bak Mei Kung Fu වලින් Long Pole ද, Nang Chun Kung Fu වලින් Butterfly Knives යන ආයුධ එක් කරයි.
**Bak Mei Kung Fu ගැන ළගදීම කියන්නම්**
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Wednesday, May 23, 2012
Yin and Yang In Medical Theory
from Patricia Ebrey, Chinese Civilization : A Sourcebook, 2d ed. (New York: Free Press, 1993), pp. 77-79
[Ebrey Introduction] The concepts of Yin and Yang and the Five Agents provided the intellectual framework of much of Chinese scientific thinking especially in fields like biology and medicine The organs of the body were seen to be interrelated in the same sorts of ways as other natural phenomena, and best understood by looking for correlations and correspondences. Illness was seen as a disturbance in the balance of Yin and Yang or the Five Agents caused by emotions, heat or cold, or other influences. Therapy thus depended on accurate diagnosis of the source of the imbalance.
The earliest surviving medical texts are fragments of manuscript from early Han tombs. Besides general theory, these texts cover drugs, gymnastics, minor surgery, and magic spells. The text which was to become the main source of medical theory also apparently dates from the Han. It is the Yellow Emperor's Classic of Medicine, supposed to have been written during the third millennium BCE by the mythical Yellow Emperor. A small portion of it is given below.
The Yellow Emperor said ''The principle of Yin and Yang is the foundation of the entire universe. It underlies everything in creation. It brings about the development of parenthood; it is the root and source of life and death it is found with the temples of the gods In order to treat and cure diseases one must search for their origins.
"Heaven was created by the concentration of Yang, the force of light, earth was created by the concentration of Yin, the forces of darkness. Yang stands for peace and serenity; Yin stands for confusion and turmoil. Yang stands for destruction; Yin stands for conservation. Yang brings about disintegration; Yin gives shape to things....
The pure and lucid element of light is manifested in the upper artifices and the turbid element of darkness is manifested in the lower orifices. Yang, the element of light, originates in the pores. Yin, the element of darkness, moves within the five viscera. Yang the lucid force of light truly is represented by the four extremities- and Yin the
turbid force of darkness stores the power of the six treasures of nature. Water is an embodiment of Yin as fire is an embodiment of Yang. Yang creates the air, while Yin creates the senses, which belong to the physical body When the physical body dies, the spirit is restored to the air, its natural environment. The spirit receives its nourishment through the air, and the body receives its nourishment through the senses
"If Yang is overly powerful, then Yin may be too weak. If Yin is particularly strong, then Yang is apt to be defective If the male force is overwhelming, then there will be excessive heat. If the female force is overwhelming, then there will be excessive cold. Exposure to repeated and severe heat will induce chills. Cold injures the body while heat injures the spirit When the spirit is hurt, severe pain will ensue. When the body is hurt, there will be swelling. Thus, when severe pain occurs first and swelling comes on later, one may infer that a disharmony in the spirit has done harm to the body. Likewise, when swelling appears first and severe pain is felt later on, one can say that a dysfunction in the body has injured the spirit....
"Nature has four seasons and five elements. To grant long life, these seasons and elements must store up the power of creation in cold, heat, dryness, moisture, and wind. Man has five viscera in which these five climates are transformed into joy, anger, sympathy, grief. and fear. The emotions of joy and anger are injurious to the spirit just as cold and heat are injurious to the body. Violent anger depletes Yin; violent joy depletes Yang. When rebellious emotions rise to Heaven the pulse expires and leaves the body When joy and anger are without moderation, then cold and heat exceed all measure, and life is no longer secure. Yin and Yang should be respected to an equal extent.
The Yellow Emperor asked, "Is there any alternative to the law of Yin and Yang?"
Qi Bo answered: "When Yang is the stronger, the body is hot, the pores are closed, and people begin to pant; they become boisterous and coarse and do not perspire. They become feverish, their mouths are dry and sore, their stomachs feel tight, and they die of constipation. When Yang is the stronger, people can endure winter but not summer. When Yin is the stronger, the body is cold and covered with perspiration. People realize they are ill; they tremble and feel chilly. When they feel chilled, their spirits become rebellious. Their stomachs can no long digest food and they die. When Yin is stronger, people can endure summer but not winter. Thus Yin and Yang alternate. Their ebbs and surges vary, and so does the character of the diseases."
The Yellow Emperor asked, "Can anything be done to harmonize and adjust these two principles of nature?" Qi Bo answered: "If one has the ability to know the seven injuries and the eight advantages, one can bring the two principles into harmony. If one does not know how to use this knowledge, his life will be doomed to early decay. By the age of forty the Yin force in the body has been reduced to one-half of its natural vigor and an individual's youthful prowess has deteriorated. By the age of fifty the body has grown heavy. The ears no longer hear well. The eyes no longer see clearly By the age of sixty the life producing power of Yin has declined to a very low level. Impotence sets in The nine orifices no longer benefit each other....
Those who seek wisdom beyond the natural limits will retain good hearing and clear vision. Their bodies will remain light and strong. Although they grow old in years, they will stay able-bodied and vigorous and be capable of governing to great advantage. For this reason the ancient sages did not rush into the affairs of the world. In their pleasures and joys they were dignified and tranquil. They did what they thought best and did not bend their will or ambition to the achievement of empty ends Thus their allotted span of life was without limit, like that of Heaven and earth. This is the way the ancient sages controlled and conducted themselves.
"By observing myself I learn about others, and their diseases become apparent to me. By observing the external symptoms, I gather knowledge about the internal diseases One should watch for things out of the ordinary One should observe minute and trifling things and treat them as if the were big and important. When they are treated the danger they pose will be dissipated. Experts in examining patients judge their general appearance; they feel their pulse and determine whether it is Yin or Yang that causes the disease.... To determine whether Yin or Yang predominates, one must be able to distinguish a light pulse of low tension from a hard. pounding one With a disease of Yang, Yin predominates With a disease of Yin, Yang predominates When one is filled with vigor and strength, Yin and Yang are in proper harmony.
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Reference: http://fly.cc.fer.hr/~shlede/ying/yang.html
from Patricia Ebrey, Chinese Civilization : A Sourcebook, 2d ed. (New York: Free Press, 1993), pp. 77-79
[Ebrey Introduction] The concepts of Yin and Yang and the Five Agents provided the intellectual framework of much of Chinese scientific thinking especially in fields like biology and medicine The organs of the body were seen to be interrelated in the same sorts of ways as other natural phenomena, and best understood by looking for correlations and correspondences. Illness was seen as a disturbance in the balance of Yin and Yang or the Five Agents caused by emotions, heat or cold, or other influences. Therapy thus depended on accurate diagnosis of the source of the imbalance.
The earliest surviving medical texts are fragments of manuscript from early Han tombs. Besides general theory, these texts cover drugs, gymnastics, minor surgery, and magic spells. The text which was to become the main source of medical theory also apparently dates from the Han. It is the Yellow Emperor's Classic of Medicine, supposed to have been written during the third millennium BCE by the mythical Yellow Emperor. A small portion of it is given below.
The Yellow Emperor said ''The principle of Yin and Yang is the foundation of the entire universe. It underlies everything in creation. It brings about the development of parenthood; it is the root and source of life and death it is found with the temples of the gods In order to treat and cure diseases one must search for their origins.
"Heaven was created by the concentration of Yang, the force of light, earth was created by the concentration of Yin, the forces of darkness. Yang stands for peace and serenity; Yin stands for confusion and turmoil. Yang stands for destruction; Yin stands for conservation. Yang brings about disintegration; Yin gives shape to things....
The pure and lucid element of light is manifested in the upper artifices and the turbid element of darkness is manifested in the lower orifices. Yang, the element of light, originates in the pores. Yin, the element of darkness, moves within the five viscera. Yang the lucid force of light truly is represented by the four extremities- and Yin the
turbid force of darkness stores the power of the six treasures of nature. Water is an embodiment of Yin as fire is an embodiment of Yang. Yang creates the air, while Yin creates the senses, which belong to the physical body When the physical body dies, the spirit is restored to the air, its natural environment. The spirit receives its nourishment through the air, and the body receives its nourishment through the senses
"If Yang is overly powerful, then Yin may be too weak. If Yin is particularly strong, then Yang is apt to be defective If the male force is overwhelming, then there will be excessive heat. If the female force is overwhelming, then there will be excessive cold. Exposure to repeated and severe heat will induce chills. Cold injures the body while heat injures the spirit When the spirit is hurt, severe pain will ensue. When the body is hurt, there will be swelling. Thus, when severe pain occurs first and swelling comes on later, one may infer that a disharmony in the spirit has done harm to the body. Likewise, when swelling appears first and severe pain is felt later on, one can say that a dysfunction in the body has injured the spirit....
"Nature has four seasons and five elements. To grant long life, these seasons and elements must store up the power of creation in cold, heat, dryness, moisture, and wind. Man has five viscera in which these five climates are transformed into joy, anger, sympathy, grief. and fear. The emotions of joy and anger are injurious to the spirit just as cold and heat are injurious to the body. Violent anger depletes Yin; violent joy depletes Yang. When rebellious emotions rise to Heaven the pulse expires and leaves the body When joy and anger are without moderation, then cold and heat exceed all measure, and life is no longer secure. Yin and Yang should be respected to an equal extent.
The Yellow Emperor asked, "Is there any alternative to the law of Yin and Yang?"
Qi Bo answered: "When Yang is the stronger, the body is hot, the pores are closed, and people begin to pant; they become boisterous and coarse and do not perspire. They become feverish, their mouths are dry and sore, their stomachs feel tight, and they die of constipation. When Yang is the stronger, people can endure winter but not summer. When Yin is the stronger, the body is cold and covered with perspiration. People realize they are ill; they tremble and feel chilly. When they feel chilled, their spirits become rebellious. Their stomachs can no long digest food and they die. When Yin is stronger, people can endure summer but not winter. Thus Yin and Yang alternate. Their ebbs and surges vary, and so does the character of the diseases."
The Yellow Emperor asked, "Can anything be done to harmonize and adjust these two principles of nature?" Qi Bo answered: "If one has the ability to know the seven injuries and the eight advantages, one can bring the two principles into harmony. If one does not know how to use this knowledge, his life will be doomed to early decay. By the age of forty the Yin force in the body has been reduced to one-half of its natural vigor and an individual's youthful prowess has deteriorated. By the age of fifty the body has grown heavy. The ears no longer hear well. The eyes no longer see clearly By the age of sixty the life producing power of Yin has declined to a very low level. Impotence sets in The nine orifices no longer benefit each other....
Those who seek wisdom beyond the natural limits will retain good hearing and clear vision. Their bodies will remain light and strong. Although they grow old in years, they will stay able-bodied and vigorous and be capable of governing to great advantage. For this reason the ancient sages did not rush into the affairs of the world. In their pleasures and joys they were dignified and tranquil. They did what they thought best and did not bend their will or ambition to the achievement of empty ends Thus their allotted span of life was without limit, like that of Heaven and earth. This is the way the ancient sages controlled and conducted themselves.
"By observing myself I learn about others, and their diseases become apparent to me. By observing the external symptoms, I gather knowledge about the internal diseases One should watch for things out of the ordinary One should observe minute and trifling things and treat them as if the were big and important. When they are treated the danger they pose will be dissipated. Experts in examining patients judge their general appearance; they feel their pulse and determine whether it is Yin or Yang that causes the disease.... To determine whether Yin or Yang predominates, one must be able to distinguish a light pulse of low tension from a hard. pounding one With a disease of Yang, Yin predominates With a disease of Yin, Yang predominates When one is filled with vigor and strength, Yin and Yang are in proper harmony.
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Reference: http://fly.cc.fer.hr/~shlede/ying/yang.html
The meaning of Yin-Yang
This Simbol(Yin-Yang) represents the ancient Chinese understanding of how things work. The outer circle represents "everything", while the black and white shapes within the circle represent the interaction of two energies, called "yin" (black) and "yang" (white), which cause everything to happen. They are not completely black or white, just as things in life are not completely black or white, and they cannot exist without each other.
While "yin" would be dark, passive, downward, cold, contracting, and weak, "yang" would be bright, active, upward, hot, expanding, and strong. The shape of the yin and yang sections of the symbol, actually gives you a sense of the continual movement of these two energies, yin to yang and yang to yin, causing everything to happen: just as things expand and contract, and temperature changes from hot to cold.
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Reference: http://fly.cc.fer.hr/~shlede/ying/yang.html
This Simbol(Yin-Yang) represents the ancient Chinese understanding of how things work. The outer circle represents "everything", while the black and white shapes within the circle represent the interaction of two energies, called "yin" (black) and "yang" (white), which cause everything to happen. They are not completely black or white, just as things in life are not completely black or white, and they cannot exist without each other.
While "yin" would be dark, passive, downward, cold, contracting, and weak, "yang" would be bright, active, upward, hot, expanding, and strong. The shape of the yin and yang sections of the symbol, actually gives you a sense of the continual movement of these two energies, yin to yang and yang to yin, causing everything to happen: just as things expand and contract, and temperature changes from hot to cold.
~All Rights [KiK BoYz*] WING CHUN KUNG FU Reserved~
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[KiK BoYz*] WING CHUN KUNG FU: [https://www.facebook.com/pages/KiK-BoYz-WING-CHUN-KUNG-FU/148394891914963]
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Reference: http://fly.cc.fer.hr/~shlede/ying/yang.html
Thursday, May 10, 2012
Soviet Sambo
Sambo (Russian: самбо; САМооборона Без Оружия) is a Russian martial art and combat sport.
The word "SAMBO" is an acronym for SAMooborona Bez Oruzhiya, which literally translates as
"self-defense without weapons". Sambo is relatively modern since its development began in the
early 1920s by the Soviet Red Army to improve their hand to hand combat abilities.
Intended to be a merger of the most effective techniques of other martial arts, Sambo
has roots in Japanese judo plus traditional folk styles of wrestling such as: Armenian Kokh,
Georgian Chidaoba, Moldavian Trîntǎ, Tatar Köräş, Uzbek Kurash, Mongolian Khapsagay and
Azerbaijani Gulesh.
The pioneers of Sambo were Viktor Spiridonov and Vasili Oshchepkov. Oshchepkov died in
prison as a result of the political purges of 1937 after accusations of being a Japanese spy.
Oshchepkov spent much of his life living in Japan and training judo under its founder Kano Jigoro.
The two men independently developed two different styles, which eventually cross-pollinated and
became what is known as Sambo. Compared to Oshchepkov's judo based system, then called
"Freestyle Wrestling", Spiridonov's style was softer and less strength dependent. This was in
large part due to Spiridonov's injuries sustained during World War I.
Anatoly Kharlampiev, a student of Vasili Oshchepkov, is often officially considered the founder
of Sport Sambo. In 1938, it was recognized as an official sport by the USSR All-Union Sports Committee.
There are three FIAS recognized competitive sport variations of Sambo
(though Sambo techniques and principles can be applied to many other combat sports).
Sport Sambo (Russian: Борьбa Самбо,Bor'ba Sambo, Sambo Wrestling (eng))
is stylistically similar to Olympic Freestyle Wrestling or Judo, but with some
differences in rules, protocol, and uniform. For example, in contrast with judo,
Sambo allows some types of leg locks, while not allowing chokeholds. It focuses
on throwing, ground work and submissions, with (compared to Judo) very few
restrictions on gripping and holds.
Combat Sambo (Russian: Боевое Самбо, Boyevoye Sambo). Utilized and
developed for the military, Combat Sambo resembles modern mixed martial arts,
including extensive forms of striking and grappling where (unlike Sport Sambo)
choking and bent joint locks are legal. Competitors wear jackets as in sport sambo,
but also hand protection and sometimes shin and head protection. The first FIAS World
Combat Sambo Championships were held in 2001.
Freestyle Sambo – uniquely American set of competitive Sambo rules created by the American Sambo
Association (ASA) in 2004. These rules differ from traditional Sport Sambo in that they allow choke
holds and other submissions from Combat Sambo that are not permitted in Sport Sambo as well as
certain neck cranks and twisting leg locks. Freestyle Sambo, like all Sambo, focuses on throwing
skills and fast ground work. No strikes are permitted in Freestyle Sambo. The ASA created this rule set in order
to encourage non-Sambo practitioners from judo and jiujitsu to participate in Sambo events.
Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambo_(martial_art)
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Sambo (Russian: самбо; САМооборона Без Оружия) is a Russian martial art and combat sport.
The word "SAMBO" is an acronym for SAMooborona Bez Oruzhiya, which literally translates as
"self-defense without weapons". Sambo is relatively modern since its development began in the
early 1920s by the Soviet Red Army to improve their hand to hand combat abilities.
Intended to be a merger of the most effective techniques of other martial arts, Sambo
has roots in Japanese judo plus traditional folk styles of wrestling such as: Armenian Kokh,
Georgian Chidaoba, Moldavian Trîntǎ, Tatar Köräş, Uzbek Kurash, Mongolian Khapsagay and
Azerbaijani Gulesh.
The pioneers of Sambo were Viktor Spiridonov and Vasili Oshchepkov. Oshchepkov died in
prison as a result of the political purges of 1937 after accusations of being a Japanese spy.
Oshchepkov spent much of his life living in Japan and training judo under its founder Kano Jigoro.
The two men independently developed two different styles, which eventually cross-pollinated and
became what is known as Sambo. Compared to Oshchepkov's judo based system, then called
"Freestyle Wrestling", Spiridonov's style was softer and less strength dependent. This was in
large part due to Spiridonov's injuries sustained during World War I.
Anatoly Kharlampiev, a student of Vasili Oshchepkov, is often officially considered the founder
of Sport Sambo. In 1938, it was recognized as an official sport by the USSR All-Union Sports Committee.
There are three FIAS recognized competitive sport variations of Sambo
(though Sambo techniques and principles can be applied to many other combat sports).
Sport Sambo (Russian: Борьбa Самбо,Bor'ba Sambo, Sambo Wrestling (eng))
is stylistically similar to Olympic Freestyle Wrestling or Judo, but with some
differences in rules, protocol, and uniform. For example, in contrast with judo,
Sambo allows some types of leg locks, while not allowing chokeholds. It focuses
on throwing, ground work and submissions, with (compared to Judo) very few
restrictions on gripping and holds.
Combat Sambo (Russian: Боевое Самбо, Boyevoye Sambo). Utilized and
developed for the military, Combat Sambo resembles modern mixed martial arts,
including extensive forms of striking and grappling where (unlike Sport Sambo)
choking and bent joint locks are legal. Competitors wear jackets as in sport sambo,
but also hand protection and sometimes shin and head protection. The first FIAS World
Combat Sambo Championships were held in 2001.
Freestyle Sambo – uniquely American set of competitive Sambo rules created by the American Sambo
Association (ASA) in 2004. These rules differ from traditional Sport Sambo in that they allow choke
holds and other submissions from Combat Sambo that are not permitted in Sport Sambo as well as
certain neck cranks and twisting leg locks. Freestyle Sambo, like all Sambo, focuses on throwing
skills and fast ground work. No strikes are permitted in Freestyle Sambo. The ASA created this rule set in order
to encourage non-Sambo practitioners from judo and jiujitsu to participate in Sambo events.
Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambo_(martial_art)
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Monday, May 7, 2012
Taekwondo
Taekwondo is a Korean martial art and the national sport of South Korea. In Korean, tae means "to strike or
break with foot"; kwon means "to strike or break with fist"; and do means "way", "method", or "path". Thus,
taekwondo may be loosely translated as "the way of the hand and the foot."
[1] The name taekwondo is also
written as taekwon-do, tae kwon-do, or tae kwon do by various organizations, based on historical, philosophical,
or political[citation needed] reasons.
It combines combat techniques, self-defense, sport, exercise, and in some
cases meditation and philosophy. In 1989, Taekwondo was the world's most
popular martial art in terms of number of practitioners.
[2] Gyeorugi (pronounced [ɡjʌɾuɡi]), a type
of sparring, has been an Olympic event since 2000.
There are two main branches of taekwondo development, which are not necessarily mutually exclusive:
"Traditional taekwondo" typically refers to the martial art as it was established in the
1950s and 1960s in the South Korean military, and in various civilian organisations,
including schools and universities. In particular, the names and symbolism of the traditional patterns often refer to
elements of Korean history, culture and religious philosophy. Today, the Kukkiwon, or World Taekwondo
Headquarters is the traditional center for Taekwondo in Korea.
"Sport taekwondo" has developed in the decades since the 1950s and may have a
somewhat different focus, especially in terms of its emphasis on speed and competition (as in Olympic sparring).
Sport taekwondo is in turn subdivided into two main styles; one derives from Kukkiwon, the source of the
sparring system sihap gyeorugi which is now an event at the summer Olympic Games and which is governed by
the World Taekwondo Federation (WTF). The other comes from the International Taekwon-Do Federation (ITF).
[3] Although there are doctrinal and technical differences between the two main styles and among
the various organizations, the art in general emphasizes kicks thrown from a mobile stance, employing the leg's
greater reach and power (compared to the arm). Taekwondo training generally includes a system of blocks, kicks,
punches, and open-handed strikes and may also include various take-downs or sweeps, throws, and joint locks.
Some taekwondo instructors also incorporate the use of pressure points, known as jiapsul, as well as grabbing
self-defense techniques borrowed from other martial arts, such as hapkido and judo.
History
See also: Korean martial arts
The oldest Korean martial art was an amalgamation of unarmed combat styles developed by the three rival Korean Kingdoms of Goguryeo, Silla, and Baekje,[4] where young men were trained in unarmed combat techniques to develop strength, speed, and survival skills. The most popular of these techniques was subak, with taekkyeon being the most popular of the segments of subak. Those who demonstrated strong natural aptitude were selected as trainees in the new special warrior corps, called the Hwarang. It was believed that young men with a talent for the liberal arts may have the grace to become competent warriors. These warriors were instructed in academics as well as martial arts, learning philosophy, history, a code of ethics, and equestrian sports. Their military training included an extensive weapons program involving swordsmanship and archery, both on horseback and on foot, as well as lessons in military tactics and unarmed combat using subak. Although subak was a leg-oriented art in Goguryeo, Silla's influence added hand techniques to the practice of subak.
During this time a few select Silla warriors were given training in taekkyeon by the early masters
from Koguryo. These warriors then became known as the Hwarang. The Hwarang set up a military
academy for the sons of royalty in Silla called Hwarang-do, which means "the way of flowering
manhood." The Hwarang studied taekkyeon, history, Confucian philosophy, ethics, Buddhist morality,
social skills and military tactics. The guiding principles of the Hwarang warriors were based on Won Gwang's
five codes of human conduct and included loyalty, filial duty, trustworthiness, valor and justice. Taekkyeon was
spread throughout Korea because the Hwarang traveled all around the peninsula to learn about the other regions
and people.
In spite of Korea's rich history of ancient and traditional martial arts, Korean martial arts faded into obscurity
during the Joseon Dynasty. Korean society became highly centralized under Korean Confucianism and martial
arts were poorly regarded in a society whose ideals were epitomized by its scholar-kings. Formal practices
of traditional martial arts such as subak and taekkyeon were reserved for sanctioned military uses. Civilian folk
practice of taekkyeon persisted into the 19th century.
During the Japanese occupation of Korea (1910–1945), all facets of ethnic Korean identity were
banned or suppressed. Traditional Korean martial arts such as taekkyeon or subak were banned
during this time.During the occupation, Koreans who were able to study and receive rankings in
Japan were exposed to Japanese martial arts. Others were exposed to martial arts in China and Manchuria.
When the occupation ended in 1945, Korean martial arts schools (kwans) began to open in Korea under
various influences. There are differing views on the origins of the arts taught in these schools. Some
believe that they taught martial arts that were based primarily upon the traditional Korean martial arts taekkyon
and subak, or that taekwondo was derived from native Korean martial arts with influences
from neighboring countries.Still others believe that these schools taught arts that were
almost entirely based upon karate.
In 1952, at the height of the Korean War, there was a martial arts exhibition in which the kwans displayed their
skills. In one demonstration, Nam Tae Hi smashed 13 roof tiles with a punch. Following this demonstration,
South Korean President Syngman Rhee instructed Choi Hong Hi to introduce the martial arts to the Korean army.
By the mid-1950s, nine kwans had emerged. Syngman Rhee ordered that the various schools unify under a single
system. The name "taekwondo" was submitted by either Choi Hong Hi (of the Oh Do Kwan) or Song Duk Son
(of the Chung Do Kwan), and was accepted on April 11, 1955. As it stands today, the nine kwans are the founders
of taekwondo,[26] though not all the kwans used the name. The Korea Taekwondo Association (KTA) was formed
in 1959/1961 to facilitate the unification.
In the early 1960s, Taekwondo made its début worldwide with assignment of the original masters of taekwondo
to various countries. Standardization efforts in South Korea stalled, as the kwans continued to teach differing
styles. Another request from the Korean government for unification resulted in the formation of the
Korea Tae Soo Do Association, which changed its name back to the Korea Taekwondo Association in
1965 following a change of leadership. The International Taekwon-Do Federation was founded in 1966,
followed by World Taekwondo Federation in 1973.
Since 2000, Taekwondo has been one of only two Asian martial arts (the other being judo) that are included
in the Olympic Games; it became a demonstration event starting with the 1988 games in Seoul, and became
an official medal event starting with the 2000 games in Sydney. In 2010, Taekwondo was accepted as a
Commonwealth Games sport.
One source has estimated that as of 2009, Taekwondo was practiced in 123 countries, with over 30 million
practitioners and 3 million individuals with black belts throughout the world.[citation needed] The South
Korean government in the same year published an estimate of 70 million practitioners in 190 countries.
Features
A jumping reverse hook kick
See also: List of Taekwondo techniques and Kick
Taekwondo is known for its emphasis on kicking techniques, which distinguishes it from martial arts such as
karate or southern styles of kung fu. The rationale is that the leg is the longest and strongest weapon a martial
artist has, and kicks thus have the greatest potential to execute powerful strikes without successful retaliation.
Historically, the Koreans thought that the hands were too valuable to be used in combat.[citation needed]
Taekwondo as a martial art is popular with people of both genders and of many ages. Physically, taekwondo
develops strength, speed, balance, flexibility, and stamina. An example of the union of mental and physical
discipline is the breaking of wooden boards, bricks or tiles, which requires both physical mastery of the technique
and the concentration to focus one's power.
A taekwondo student typically wears a uniform (dobok), often white but sometimes black (or other colors), with
a belt (dti) tied around the waist. There are at least three major styles of do-bok, with the most obvious differences
being in the style of jacket: (1) the cross-over front jacket that resembles traditional Asian clothing, (2) the
V-neck jacket (no cross-over) typically worn by WTF practitioners, and (3) the vertical-closing front jacket
(no cross-over) typically worn by ITF practitioners. The belt colour and any insignia thereon indicate the
student's rank. In general, the darker the colour, the higher the rank. The school or place where instruction
is given is called the do-jang. The grandmaster of the do-jang is called a gwan-jang-nim; Master
(senior instructor or head of do-jang) is called sa-beom-nim; Instructor is called gyo-san-nim;
Assistant Instructor is called jo-gyo-nim
Taekwondo, along with many other martial arts, is traditionally performed in bare feet, though there are
specialist training shoes that can sometimes be worn.
Although each taekwondo club or school will be different, a student typically takes part in most or all
of the following:
Learning the techniques and curriculum of taekwondo
Both anaerobic and aerobic workout, including stretching
Self-defense techniques (hosinsool)
Patterns (also called forms, poomsae, teul, hyeong)
Sparring (called gyeorugi, or matseogi in the ITF), which may include 7-, 3-, 2- and 1-step sparring,
free-style sparring, arranged sparring, point sparring, and other types
Relaxation and meditation exercises; breathing control
Throwing and/or falling techniques (deonjigi and ddeoreojigi )
A focus on mental and ethical discipline, etiquette, justice, respect, and self-confidence
Breaking (gyeokpa or weerok), using techniques to break boards for testing, training and martial arts
demonstrations. Demonstrations often also incorporate bricks, tiles, and blocks of ice or other materials.
Can be separated into three types:
Power breaking – using straightforward techniques to break as many boards as possible
Speed breaking – boards are held loosely by one edge, putting special focus on the speed required to perform
the break
Special techniques – breaking fewer boards but using jumping or flying techniques to attain greater heights,
distances, or to clear obstacles
Exams to progress to the next rank
Some schools teach the "sine wave" technique when performing patterns. This involves raising one's center of
gravity between techniques, then lowering it as the technique is performed, producing the up-and-down movement
from which the term "sine wave" is derived. Other schools teach that one's center of gravity should remain generally
constant throughout the performance of a pattern except where the pattern's description states otherwise.
Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tae_kwon_do
~All Rights Reserved~
[KiK BoYz*] WING CHUN KUNG FU
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Our Blog-----> http://www.kikboyz.blogspot.com/
Taekwondo is a Korean martial art and the national sport of South Korea. In Korean, tae means "to strike or
break with foot"; kwon means "to strike or break with fist"; and do means "way", "method", or "path". Thus,
taekwondo may be loosely translated as "the way of the hand and the foot."
[1] The name taekwondo is also
written as taekwon-do, tae kwon-do, or tae kwon do by various organizations, based on historical, philosophical,
or political[citation needed] reasons.
It combines combat techniques, self-defense, sport, exercise, and in some
cases meditation and philosophy. In 1989, Taekwondo was the world's most
popular martial art in terms of number of practitioners.
[2] Gyeorugi (pronounced [ɡjʌɾuɡi]), a type
of sparring, has been an Olympic event since 2000.
There are two main branches of taekwondo development, which are not necessarily mutually exclusive:
"Traditional taekwondo" typically refers to the martial art as it was established in the
1950s and 1960s in the South Korean military, and in various civilian organisations,
including schools and universities. In particular, the names and symbolism of the traditional patterns often refer to
elements of Korean history, culture and religious philosophy. Today, the Kukkiwon, or World Taekwondo
Headquarters is the traditional center for Taekwondo in Korea.
"Sport taekwondo" has developed in the decades since the 1950s and may have a
somewhat different focus, especially in terms of its emphasis on speed and competition (as in Olympic sparring).
Sport taekwondo is in turn subdivided into two main styles; one derives from Kukkiwon, the source of the
sparring system sihap gyeorugi which is now an event at the summer Olympic Games and which is governed by
the World Taekwondo Federation (WTF). The other comes from the International Taekwon-Do Federation (ITF).
[3] Although there are doctrinal and technical differences between the two main styles and among
the various organizations, the art in general emphasizes kicks thrown from a mobile stance, employing the leg's
greater reach and power (compared to the arm). Taekwondo training generally includes a system of blocks, kicks,
punches, and open-handed strikes and may also include various take-downs or sweeps, throws, and joint locks.
Some taekwondo instructors also incorporate the use of pressure points, known as jiapsul, as well as grabbing
self-defense techniques borrowed from other martial arts, such as hapkido and judo.
History
See also: Korean martial arts
The oldest Korean martial art was an amalgamation of unarmed combat styles developed by the three rival Korean Kingdoms of Goguryeo, Silla, and Baekje,[4] where young men were trained in unarmed combat techniques to develop strength, speed, and survival skills. The most popular of these techniques was subak, with taekkyeon being the most popular of the segments of subak. Those who demonstrated strong natural aptitude were selected as trainees in the new special warrior corps, called the Hwarang. It was believed that young men with a talent for the liberal arts may have the grace to become competent warriors. These warriors were instructed in academics as well as martial arts, learning philosophy, history, a code of ethics, and equestrian sports. Their military training included an extensive weapons program involving swordsmanship and archery, both on horseback and on foot, as well as lessons in military tactics and unarmed combat using subak. Although subak was a leg-oriented art in Goguryeo, Silla's influence added hand techniques to the practice of subak.
During this time a few select Silla warriors were given training in taekkyeon by the early masters
from Koguryo. These warriors then became known as the Hwarang. The Hwarang set up a military
academy for the sons of royalty in Silla called Hwarang-do, which means "the way of flowering
manhood." The Hwarang studied taekkyeon, history, Confucian philosophy, ethics, Buddhist morality,
social skills and military tactics. The guiding principles of the Hwarang warriors were based on Won Gwang's
five codes of human conduct and included loyalty, filial duty, trustworthiness, valor and justice. Taekkyeon was
spread throughout Korea because the Hwarang traveled all around the peninsula to learn about the other regions
and people.
In spite of Korea's rich history of ancient and traditional martial arts, Korean martial arts faded into obscurity
during the Joseon Dynasty. Korean society became highly centralized under Korean Confucianism and martial
arts were poorly regarded in a society whose ideals were epitomized by its scholar-kings. Formal practices
of traditional martial arts such as subak and taekkyeon were reserved for sanctioned military uses. Civilian folk
practice of taekkyeon persisted into the 19th century.
During the Japanese occupation of Korea (1910–1945), all facets of ethnic Korean identity were
banned or suppressed. Traditional Korean martial arts such as taekkyeon or subak were banned
during this time.During the occupation, Koreans who were able to study and receive rankings in
Japan were exposed to Japanese martial arts. Others were exposed to martial arts in China and Manchuria.
When the occupation ended in 1945, Korean martial arts schools (kwans) began to open in Korea under
various influences. There are differing views on the origins of the arts taught in these schools. Some
believe that they taught martial arts that were based primarily upon the traditional Korean martial arts taekkyon
and subak, or that taekwondo was derived from native Korean martial arts with influences
from neighboring countries.Still others believe that these schools taught arts that were
almost entirely based upon karate.
In 1952, at the height of the Korean War, there was a martial arts exhibition in which the kwans displayed their
skills. In one demonstration, Nam Tae Hi smashed 13 roof tiles with a punch. Following this demonstration,
South Korean President Syngman Rhee instructed Choi Hong Hi to introduce the martial arts to the Korean army.
By the mid-1950s, nine kwans had emerged. Syngman Rhee ordered that the various schools unify under a single
system. The name "taekwondo" was submitted by either Choi Hong Hi (of the Oh Do Kwan) or Song Duk Son
(of the Chung Do Kwan), and was accepted on April 11, 1955. As it stands today, the nine kwans are the founders
of taekwondo,[26] though not all the kwans used the name. The Korea Taekwondo Association (KTA) was formed
in 1959/1961 to facilitate the unification.
In the early 1960s, Taekwondo made its début worldwide with assignment of the original masters of taekwondo
to various countries. Standardization efforts in South Korea stalled, as the kwans continued to teach differing
styles. Another request from the Korean government for unification resulted in the formation of the
Korea Tae Soo Do Association, which changed its name back to the Korea Taekwondo Association in
1965 following a change of leadership. The International Taekwon-Do Federation was founded in 1966,
followed by World Taekwondo Federation in 1973.
Since 2000, Taekwondo has been one of only two Asian martial arts (the other being judo) that are included
in the Olympic Games; it became a demonstration event starting with the 1988 games in Seoul, and became
an official medal event starting with the 2000 games in Sydney. In 2010, Taekwondo was accepted as a
Commonwealth Games sport.
One source has estimated that as of 2009, Taekwondo was practiced in 123 countries, with over 30 million
practitioners and 3 million individuals with black belts throughout the world.[citation needed] The South
Korean government in the same year published an estimate of 70 million practitioners in 190 countries.
Features
A jumping reverse hook kick
See also: List of Taekwondo techniques and Kick
Taekwondo is known for its emphasis on kicking techniques, which distinguishes it from martial arts such as
karate or southern styles of kung fu. The rationale is that the leg is the longest and strongest weapon a martial
artist has, and kicks thus have the greatest potential to execute powerful strikes without successful retaliation.
Historically, the Koreans thought that the hands were too valuable to be used in combat.[citation needed]
Taekwondo as a martial art is popular with people of both genders and of many ages. Physically, taekwondo
develops strength, speed, balance, flexibility, and stamina. An example of the union of mental and physical
discipline is the breaking of wooden boards, bricks or tiles, which requires both physical mastery of the technique
and the concentration to focus one's power.
A taekwondo student typically wears a uniform (dobok), often white but sometimes black (or other colors), with
a belt (dti) tied around the waist. There are at least three major styles of do-bok, with the most obvious differences
being in the style of jacket: (1) the cross-over front jacket that resembles traditional Asian clothing, (2) the
V-neck jacket (no cross-over) typically worn by WTF practitioners, and (3) the vertical-closing front jacket
(no cross-over) typically worn by ITF practitioners. The belt colour and any insignia thereon indicate the
student's rank. In general, the darker the colour, the higher the rank. The school or place where instruction
is given is called the do-jang. The grandmaster of the do-jang is called a gwan-jang-nim; Master
(senior instructor or head of do-jang) is called sa-beom-nim; Instructor is called gyo-san-nim;
Assistant Instructor is called jo-gyo-nim
Taekwondo, along with many other martial arts, is traditionally performed in bare feet, though there are
specialist training shoes that can sometimes be worn.
Although each taekwondo club or school will be different, a student typically takes part in most or all
of the following:
Learning the techniques and curriculum of taekwondo
Both anaerobic and aerobic workout, including stretching
Self-defense techniques (hosinsool)
Patterns (also called forms, poomsae, teul, hyeong)
Sparring (called gyeorugi, or matseogi in the ITF), which may include 7-, 3-, 2- and 1-step sparring,
free-style sparring, arranged sparring, point sparring, and other types
Relaxation and meditation exercises; breathing control
Throwing and/or falling techniques (deonjigi and ddeoreojigi )
A focus on mental and ethical discipline, etiquette, justice, respect, and self-confidence
Breaking (gyeokpa or weerok), using techniques to break boards for testing, training and martial arts
demonstrations. Demonstrations often also incorporate bricks, tiles, and blocks of ice or other materials.
Can be separated into three types:
Power breaking – using straightforward techniques to break as many boards as possible
Speed breaking – boards are held loosely by one edge, putting special focus on the speed required to perform
the break
Special techniques – breaking fewer boards but using jumping or flying techniques to attain greater heights,
distances, or to clear obstacles
Exams to progress to the next rank
Some schools teach the "sine wave" technique when performing patterns. This involves raising one's center of
gravity between techniques, then lowering it as the technique is performed, producing the up-and-down movement
from which the term "sine wave" is derived. Other schools teach that one's center of gravity should remain generally
constant throughout the performance of a pattern except where the pattern's description states otherwise.
Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tae_kwon_do
~All Rights Reserved~
[KiK BoYz*] WING CHUN KUNG FU
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Friday, May 4, 2012
"Love Is Like A Friendship Caught On Fire.
In The Beiginning a Flame, Verry Pretty, Often Hot And Fierce,
But Still Only Light And Flickering.
As Love Grows Older, Our Hearts Mature And Our Love Becomes As Coals,
Deep-Burning And Unquenchable."
[Sijo Bruce Jun Fan Lee]
~All Rights Reserved~
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Our Blog-----> http://www.kikboyz.blogspot.com/
In The Beiginning a Flame, Verry Pretty, Often Hot And Fierce,
But Still Only Light And Flickering.
As Love Grows Older, Our Hearts Mature And Our Love Becomes As Coals,
Deep-Burning And Unquenchable."
[Sijo Bruce Jun Fan Lee]
~All Rights Reserved~
[KiK BoYz*] WING CHUN KUNG FU
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[KiK BoYz*] WING CHUN KUNG FU
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[KiK BoYz*] WING CHUN KUNG FU
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Dust Yourself Down And Start Over Again."
[Sijo Bruce Jun Fan Lee]
~All Rights Reserved~
[KiK BoYz*] WING CHUN KUNG FU
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[KiK BoYz*] WING CHUN KUNG FU
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Our Blog-----> http://www.kikboyz.blogspot.com/
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